A CNC Swiss-type lathe typically consists of the following axes and machine parts:

• The main spindle, which rotates the workpiece
• A guide bushing, which supports and aligns the workpiece
• A tailstock, which supports the opposite end of the workpiece
• A variety of tool holders, which hold and rotate cutting tools
• X and Z axes, which control the movement of the cutting tools and workpiece along the length and diameter, respectively
• CNC (computer numerical control) system, which controls the machine’s movements and operations according to a programmed instructions.